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SECTION 2C

FRONT SUSPENSION

DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

FRONT SUSPENSION

The front suspension for this vehicle is a combination knuckle/strut and spring design.
The control arms pivot from the body. The lower control arm pivots use rubber bushing. The upper end of the strut is isolated by a rubber mount and contains a bearing to allow the wheel to turn.
The lower end of the steering knuckle pivots on a ball joint bolted to the control arm. The ball joint is fastened to the steering knuckle with a bolt.
When servicing the control arm-to-body attachment and the stabilizer shaft-to-body insulators, make sure the attaching bolts are loose until the control arms are moved to the trim height, which is curb height. Trim height is the normal position to which the control arms move when the vehicle is sitting on the ground. Refer to "General Specifications" in this section.

COMPONENT LOCATOR

FRONT SUSPENSION


D16B401A
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  1. Strut Bar
  2. Front Suspension Strut Assembly
  3. Strut Inner Support
  4. Strut Mount Assembly
  5. Strut Mount Seat
  6. Strut Bearing Seat
  7. Strut Bearing
  8. Coil Spring Upper Seat
  9. Coil Spring Seat
  10. Bumper Stopper
  11. Coil Spring
  12. Strut
  13. Inner Bearing Oil Seal
  14. Inner Hub Bearing
  15. Steering Knuckle
  16. Dust Cover
  17. Hub Bearing Spacer
  18. Outer Hub Bearing
  19. Outer Bearing Oil Seal
  20. Rotor
  21. Wheel Hub
  22. Hub Bolt
  23. Hub Assembly
  24. Drive Axle-to-Hub Caulking Nut
  25. Control Arm Ball Stud Bolt
  26. Cotter Pin
  27. Castellated Nut
  28. Washer
  29. Stabilizer Shaft Bushing
  30. Control Arm Dust Seal
  31. Clip
  32. Control Arm Bushing
  33. Control Arm Assembly
  34. Stabilizer Shaft
  35. Stabilizer Shaft Mount
  36. Front Under Longitudinal Frame

DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION AND PROCEDURES

STRUT DAMPENER

A strut dampener is basically a shock absorber. However, strut dampeners are easier to extend and retract by hand than are shock absorbers. Strut dampeners are used only on the front in most vehicles, including this vehicle. Shock absorbers are used on the rear wheels.
Condition
Probable cause
Correction
Struts Seem Weak
  • Improper tire pressures.
  • Adjust the tire pressures to the specifications on the tire placard.
  • Abnormal load conditions.
  • Consult with the owner to confirm theowner's understanding of normal load conditions.
  • Improper compression and rebound
  • Quickly push down and then lift up on effectiveness of the strut dampener.!!the corner of the bumper nearest thestrut dampener being tested.
  • Compare the compression and rebound with those of a similar vehiclethat has an acceptable ride quality.
  • Replace the strut dampener, if needed.
Struts are Noisy
  • Loose or damaged mountings.
  • Tighten the strut dampener.
  • Replace the strut dampener if needed.
  • Improper compression and rebound effectiveness of the strut dampener.
  • Quickly push down and then lift up on the corner of the bumper nearest thestrut dampener being tested.
  • Compare the compression and re-bound with those of a similar vehiclethat has an acceptable ride quality.
  • Replace the strut dampener, if needed.
Leaks
  • A slight trace of fluid.
  • The strut dampener is OK.
  • Leaks of the seal cover on the fully extended strut.
  • Replace the strut dampener.
  • Excessive leaks of fluid on the strut dampener.
  • Replace the strut dampener.

BALL JOINT AND KNUCKLE

Ball Joint Inspection

  1. Raise the front of the vehicle to allow the front suspension to hang free.
  2. Grasp the tire at the top and the bottom.
  3. Move the top of the tire in an in-and-out motion.
  4. Look for any horizontal movement of the knuckle relative to the control arm.
  5. Control arms assembly must be replaced if the following conditions exist:

Ball Stud Inspection

Make sure to check the tightness of the ball stud in the knuckle boss during each inspection of the ball joint. One way to inspect the ball stud for wear is to shake the wheel and feel for movement of the stud end or the castellated nut at the knuckle boss.
Another way to inspect the ball stud for wear is to check the fastener torque at the castellated nut. A loose nut can indicate a stressed stud or a hole in the knuckle boss.
Worn or damaged ball joints and knuckles must be replaced.

FRONT WHEEL BEARING

Bearing Axial End Play Inspection


D107B303
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  1. Lift and suitably support the vehicle.
  2. Inspect the end play of the bearing.
  3. If excessive play is defeeted, free shoes from the disc or remove the calipers.
  4. Check the standard torque of the drive nut (spec. : 210 N•m (155 lb-ft)).
  5. Check the bearing end play according to the following method.
Specification
0.130mm or less (0.005 in)
Standard tighting torque of drive shaft nut : 210 N•m (155 lb-ft)
  1. If the axial end play of the front wheel bearing exceed 0.130mm torque the drive shaft nut successively (Max. allowance : 240 N•m (177 lb-ft))
  2. Check the axial end play again.
  3. If the axial end play is above spec., replace the front wheel bearing.

REPAIR INSTRUCTIONS

ON-VEHICLE SERVICE



D16B501A
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STRUT ASSEMBLY

Removal Procedure

  1. Open the hood.
  2. Remove the top of the strut assembly at passenger seat side.


  3. D16B502A
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  4. Remove the top of the strut assembly at driver side.


  5. D106B503
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  6. Remove the lower of the strut assembly.
  7. Remove the strut bracket assembly from the vehicle.


D16B504A
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Installation Procedure

  1. Install the strut assembly to the vehicle with the strut assembly-to-strut bracket bolts.
  2. Tighten
    Tighten the strut assembly-to-strut bracket bolts to 70-90 N•m (52-66 lb-ft).

  3. Connect the brake hose to the bracket.
  4. Install the ABS front speed sensor electrical wire to the bracket, if applicable.


  5. D16B505A
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  6. Install the wheel. Refer to Section 2E, Tires and Wheels.
  7. Lower the vehicle.
  8. Install the nuts.
  9. Tighten
    Tighten the nuts to 18-28 N•m (13-21 lb-ft).
    • Install the nuts at driver side (2).

    Tighten
    Tighten the nuts to 18-28 N•m (13-21 lb-ft).

  10. Install the power steering fluid reservoir.
  11. Install the fuse box and bolt.


D106B506
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KNUCKLE ASSEMBLY

Tools Required

KM 507-B Ball Joint Remover

Removal Procedure

  1. Remove the caulking nut.
  2. Remove the wheel. Refer to Section 2E, Tires and Wheels.


  3. D105B501
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  4. Separate the tie rod end from the knuckle assembly.


  5. D106B507
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  6. Remove the control arm from the knuckle assembly.


  7. D106B508
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  8. Remove the brake caliper from the knuckle assembly. Refer to Section 4D, Front Disc Brakes.
  9. Remove the ABS wheel speed sensor from the knuckle assembly, if applicable. Refer to Section 4F, Anti-lock Brake System.
  10. Remove the steering knuckle assembly from the vehicle.


D16B509A
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Installation Procedure

  1. Install in the reverse order of removal.
  2. Install the steering knuckle assembly in the vehicle with strut bracket bolts (1).
  3. Tighten
    Tighten the strut bracket bolts to 70-90 N•m (52-66 lb-ft).

  4. Install the brake caliper from the knuckle assembly.
  5. Install the control arm into the knuckle assembly with the stud bolt (2).
  6. Tighten
    Tighten the stud bolt to 50-70 N•m (36-52 lb-ft).



    D16B510B
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  7. Install the tie rod end to the knuckle assembly.
  8. Install the tie rod end-to-knuckle castellated nut (1) and the cotter pin.
  9. Tighten
    Tighten the castellated nut to 30-55 N•m (22-41 lb-ft).

  10. Install the caulking nut (2).
  11. Tighten
    Tighten the caulking nut to 210 N•m (155 lb-ft).



D106B511
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FRONT LONGITUDINAL FRAME AND STABILIZER SHAFT

Removal Procedure

  1. Removed the front under longitudinal frame.


  2. D16B512A
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    D106B513
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  3. Remove the stabilizer shaft from the vehicle.


  4. D16B514A
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D16B515A
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Installation Procedure

  1. Install in the reverse order of removal.
  2. Important : When installing the mountings, position the opened mountings forward.



    D16B516A
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  3. Install the stabilizer shaft to the vehicle.
  4. Tighten
    Tighten the stabilizer shaft-to-body castellated nut to 40-50 N•m (30-36 lb-ft).



    D16B517C
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  5. Install the front under longitudinal frame.
  6. Tighten
    Tighten the mounting bolts to 30-50 N•m (22-36 lb-ft).



    D16B518B
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    Tighten
    Tighten to bolt to 10-14 N•m (89-124 lb-in).
    • Install the front under longitudinal frame nut (3).

    Tighten
    Tighten to nut to 65-80 N•m (48-59 lb-ft).



D106B519
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CONTROL ARM

Removal Procedure

  1. Remove the stabilizer shaft. Refer to "Front Longitudinal Frame and Stabilizer Shaft" in this section.
  2. Remove the control arm.


  3. D106B520
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D16B521B
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Installation Procedure

  1. Install the control arm onto the vehicle.
  2. Tighten
    Tighten the control arm bolt to 55-70 N•m (41-52 lb-ft).
    • Install the control arm to the knuckle assembly.
    • Install the stud bolt (2).

    Tighten
    Tighten the stud bolt to 50-70 N•m (36-52 lb-ft).

  3. Install the stabilizer shaft.


D10B522A
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STRUT BAR

Removal Procedure

  1. Open the hood.
  2. Remove the strut bar from the vehicle.


  3. D106B523
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    Important : When removing the bolts using the tool, do not contact the battery terminal.



D16B524B
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Installation Procedure

  1. Install the strut bar to the vehicle.
  2. Important : When installing the bolts using the tool, do not contact the battery terminal.

    Tighten
    Tighten the strut bar bolts to 35-55 N•m (25-41 lb-ft).
    • Install the purge control valve to the strut bar.



D106B525
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CROSSMEMBER

Removal Procedure

  1. Remove the transaxle under cover. Refer to Section 5B, Five-Speed Manual Transaxle.
  2. Remove the front under longitudinal frame. Refer to "Stabilizer Shaft" in this section.
  3. Remove the damping bush bolt and nut.


  4. D106B526
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  5. Disconnect the power steering pressure line from the crossmember. Refer to Section 6B, Power Steering Pump.
  6. Remove the crossmember from the vehicle.


  7. D106B527
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    D106B528
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  8. Remove the front damping bush bolts and damping bush from the crossmember.


D16B529A
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Installation Procedure

  1. Install in the reverse order of removal.
  2. Install the front damping bush to the crossmember.
  3. Tighten
    • Tighten the bolts to 45-55 N•m (33-41 lb-ft).
    • a. Front damping bush bolt.
    • Tighten the bolt to 35-41 N•m (25-30 lb-ft).
    • b. Front damping bush bolt.



    D16B530A
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  4. Install the crossmember to the vehicle with the bolts.
  5. Tighten
    Tighten the bolts to 17-27 N•m (13-20 lb-ft).

      a. Crossmember right rear bolt.
      b. Crossmember right side bolt.


    D16B531A
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      c. Crossmember left rear bolt.
      d. Crossmember leftt side bolt.


    D16B532A
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  6. Install the front damping bush to the vehicle.
  7. Tighten
    Tighten the front damping bush bolt and nut to 68-83 N•m (51-61 lb-ft).

  8. Install the front under longitudinal frame. Refer to "Stabilizer Shaft" in this section.

UNIT REPAIR



D106B701
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HUB BEARING AND KNUCKLE

Tools Required

DW 220-020A-01 Differential Bearing Puller.
DW 220-020A-04 Differential Bearing Plate Adapter.
DW 340-010 Front Wheel Hub Remover.
DW 340-020 Front Wheel Bearing Race Installer.
DW 340-030 Front Wheel Bearing Installer.
09940-71430 Front Spring Compressor.

Disassembly Procedure

  1. Remove the steering knuckle assembly. Refer to "Knuckle Assembly" in this section.
  2. Remove the bolts from the wheel hub.


  3. D106B702
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  4. Remove the wheel hub from the knuckle assembly using the front wheel hub remover DW 340-010.


  5. D16B703A
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    D106B704
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    Important : Do not use removed oil seal.



    D106B705
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  6. Remove the steering knuckle assembly.
  7. Important : Do not use removed oil seal.



    D106B706
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    D106B707
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D106B708
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Assembly Procedure

  1. Assemble the steering knuckle assembly.


  2. D106B709
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    D106B710
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    D106B711
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  3. Install the wheel hub to steering knuckle assembly.


  4. D16B712A
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    Tighten
    Tighten the bolt to 65 N•m (48 lb-ft).



    D106B713
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    D106B714
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    D106B715
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  5. Install the steering knuckle assembly. Refer to "Knuckle Assembly" in this section.


D106B716
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FRONT STRUT (INCLUDING COIL SPRING)

Tools Required

09940-71430 Front Spring Compressor.

Disassembly Procedure

  1. Remove the strut assembly. Refer to "Strut Assembly" in this section.
  2. Compress the front spring with the front spring compressor 09940-71430.
  3. Caution : During compressing spring, do not make spring end point to operator or dangerous direction.



    D106B717
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  4. Fix the strut support using the bench vise and remove the strut nut.
  5. a. Strut nut.


    D16B718A
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  6. Remove the coil spring.


D16B719A
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Assembly Procedure

  1. Install the coil spring, front bumper stopper, coil spring seat, coil spring upper seat, strut bearing, bearing seat, mounting seat, mount assembly and inner support to the strut.
  2. Tighten the strut nut.
  3. Tighten
    Tighten the strut nut to 50-60 N•m (36-44 lb-ft).



    D106B720
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  4. Inspect the installation of coil spring (1, 2).
  5. Install the strut assembly. Refer to "Strut Assembly" in this section.

SPECIFICATIONS

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

Application
Unit
Description
Suspension Type
-
Mcpherson (Strut)
Shock Absorber
Maximum Length
mm (in.)
475-481 (18.7-18.94)
Minimum Length
mm (in.)
321-327 (12.64-12.87)
Stroke
mm (in.)
154 (6.06)
Stabilizer Shaft Diammeter
mm (in.)
24 (0.94)
Coil Spring Height (No Load)
mm (in.)
374 (14.72 )
Grease Type (Front Wheel Bearing and Hub)
-
M-8143 ANTIF BRG GREASE

FASTENER TIGHTENING SPECIFICATIONS

Application
N•m
Lb-Ft
Lb-In
Strut Assembly-to-Body Nuts
18 - 28
13 - 21
-
Strut Closure Nut
50 - 60
36 - 44
-
Strut Assembly-to-Knuckle Bolts
70 - 90
52 - 66
-
Control Arm Mounting Bolt
55 - 70
41 - 52
-
Control Arm Ball Stud Bolt
50 - 70
36 - 52
-
Stabilizer Shaft Castellated Nut
40 - 50
30 - 36
-
Stabilizer Shaft Mounting Bolt
30 - 50
22 - 36
-
Front Under Longitudinal Frame Bolts
10 - 14
-
89 - 124
Front Under Longitudinal Frame Nut
65 - 80
48 - 59
-
Drive Axle-to-Hub Caulking Nut
210
155
-
Crossmember Bolt
17 - 27
13 - 20
-
Strut Bar Bolts
35 - 55
25 - 41
-
ABS Front Speed Sensor Retaining Bolt
18 - 28
13 - 21
-
Wheel Hub-to-Brake Disc Bolt
55 - 75
41 - 55
-

SPECIAL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

SPECIAL TOOLS TABLE


D13B112A
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DW 220-020A-01
Differential Bearing Puller

D13B113A
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DW 220-020A-04
Differential Bearing Plate Adapter

D16B101A
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DW 340-010
Front Wheel Hub Remover

D106B102
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DW 340-020
Front Wheel Bearing Race Installer

D106B103
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DW 340-030
Front Wheel Bearing Installer

D105B101
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KM 507-B
Ball Joint Remover

D106B104
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09940-71430
Front Spring Compressor


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