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SECTION 6C

POWER STEERING GEAR

Caution : Disconnect the negative battery cable before removing or installing any electrical unit or when a tool or equipment could easily come in contact with exposed electrical terminals. Disconnecting this cable will help prevent personal injury and damage to the vehicle. The ignition must also be in B unless otherwise noted.

DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

POWER RACK AND PINION

The power rack and pinion steering system has a rotary control valve which directs the hydraulic fluid coming from the hydraulic pump to one side or the other side of the rack piston. The integral rack piston is attached to the rack. The rack piston converts hydraulic pressure to a linear force which moves the rack left or right. The force is then transmitted through the tie rods and the tie rod ends to the steering knuckles, which turn the wheels.
If hydraulic assist is not available, manual control is maintained. However, under these conditions, more steering effort is required. The movement of the steering wheel is transferred to the pinion. The movement of the pinion is then transferred through the pinion teeth, which meshs with the teeth on the rack, causing the rack to move.

DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION AND PROCEDURES

POWER RACK AND PINION STERING GEAR

Condition
Probable Cause
Correction
Hissing Noise
  • Loose steering coupling joints.
  • Tighten the steering coupling joints.
  • Improperly contacted the power steering hose with other components.
  • Fit the power steerng hose into the hose clips correctly.
Rattling Noise in Steering Gear
  • Improperly contacted the power steering line with the body.
  • Fix the steering line correctly.
  • Insufficient lubricant.
  • Lubricate the steering gear.
  • Loose steering gear mounting.
  • Tighten the steering gear mounting bracket bolts.
  • Improperly installed tie rod ends.
  • Tighten the tie rod joints and replace the tie rod end as needed.
Poor Return of Steering Wheel to Center
  • Improperly contacted the steering wheel with the turn signal housing.
  • Adjust the turn signal housing.
  • Improper binding or looseness of steering coupling.
  • Replace the intermediate shaft.
  • Stuck and improperly aligned power steering pump flow control valve.
  • Replace the power steering pump.
  • Improper binding or looseness of tie rods and ball joints.
  • Tighten the tie rods and the ball joints. Replace the tie rods and the ball joints as needed.
  • Poor adjustments of the steering gear.
  • Perform a straight-ahead check.
Momentary Increase in Effect When Turning the Wheel Quickly
  • Internal leaks of the power steering pump.
  • Replace the power steering pump.
  • The damage or restricted flow of the hoses.
  • Replace the power steering hoses and pipes.
  • Insufficient power steering fluid.
  • Fill the power steering fluid reservoir.
  • Stuck and improperly operated power steering pump flow control valve.
  • Replace the power steering pump.
Steering Surges or Jerks When Turning with Engine Running
  • Insufficient pressure of the power steering pump.
  • Replace the power steering pump.
  • Stuck and improperly operated power steering pump flow control valve.
  • Replace the power steering pump.
  • The slippage of the pump drive belt.
  • Tighten the pump drive belt.
  • Contaminated air in the power steering system.
  • Bleed the power steering system.
Excessive Wheel Kickback or Loose Steering
  • Contaminated air in the power steering system.
  • Bleed the power steering system.
  • Worn or damaged wheel bearings.
  • Replace the wheel bearings.
  • Loose steering gear mounting.
  • Tighten the steering gear mounting bracket bolts.
  • Improperly installed steering gear-to-intermediate shaft joints.
  • Tighten the joint bolt.
  • Loose tie rods and ball joints.
  • Tighten the tie rods and the ball joints.
  • Replace the tie rods and the ball joints as needed.
Hard Steering or Lack of Assist (Especially During Parking)
  • Stuck and improperly installed power steering pump flow control valve.
  • Replace the power steering pump.
  • Insufficient pressure of the power steering pump.
  • Replace the power steering pump.
  • Internal leaks of power steering pump.
  • Replace the power steering pump.
  • Improper tension of the pump drive belt.
  • Adjust the pump drive belt tension.

ADJUST THE FREE LOAD OF THE STEERING GEAR

  1. Place the steering wheel in the straight-ahead position.
  2. Raise and suitably support the vehicle.
  3. Remove the adjust plug locknut.
  4. Check the torque of the adjuster plug.
  5. Check the torque is below the specification value or the measured torque is over the specification value, adjust the tightening torque.

D105C302
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  1. Tighten the adjust plug locknut.

REPAIR INSTRUCTIONS

ON-VEHICLE SERVICE




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RACK AND PINION ASSEMBLY

(Left-Hand Drive Shown, Right-Hand Drive Similar)

Removal Procedure

  1. Remove the intermediate shaft lower pinch bolt. Refer to Section 6E, Steering Wheel and Column.
  2. Remove the wheel. Refer to Section 2E, Tires and Wheels.
  3. Remove the tie rod ends. Refer to Section 6D, Manual Steering Gear.
  4. Remove the front exhaust pipe nuts. Refer to Section 1G, Engine Exhaust.


  5. D105C534
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  6. Remove the rack and pinion assembly.


  7. D105C535
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    Important : After moving the gear toward the passenger side and pulling the gear of the driver side into the underbody hole, remove the steering gear.



    D105C536
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  8. Remove the packing (5).


D15C537A
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Installation Procedure

  1. Install in the reverse order of removal.
  2. Install the power steering gear bracket with the bolt.
  3. Tighten
    Tighten the bracket bolts to 50-55 N•m (36-41 lb-ft).



    D15C512A
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  4. Connect the steering pipe. Refer to Section 6A, Power Steering System.
  5. Tighten
    Tighten the power steering pressure line fitting (1) to 21-35 N•m (16-25 lb-ft) (1).
    Tighten the return line fitting to 21-35 N•m (16-25 lb-ft) (2).

    Important : When adding fluid or making a complete fluid change, always use DEXRON® II or III power steering fluid. Failure to use the proper fluid will cause hose and seal change and fluid leaks.

  6. Fill the fluid reservoir with power steering fluid.
  7. Inspect for leaks. If there are leaks, correct the cause of the leaks and bleed the system. Refer to Section 6A, Power Steering System.

POWER STEERING GEAR RACK AND PINION BOOT

Refer to Section 6D, Manual Steering Gear.

UNIT REPAIR




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TIE ROD END BOOT

Refer to Section 6D, Manual Steering Gear.


D105C701
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HYDRAULIC CYLINDER LINES

(Left-Hand Drive Shown, Right-Hand Drive Similar)

Disassembly Procedure

  1. Remove the rack and pinion steering assembly from the vehicle. Refer to "Rack and Pinion Assembly" in this section.
  2. Disconnect the cylinder lines from the rack and pinion housing.


D15C715A
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Assembly Procedure

  1. Connect the cylinder lines to the rack and pinion housing.
  2. Install the power steering line fittings at the pinion valve end.
  3. Tighten
    Tighten the power steering line fittings to 25-35 N•m (18-25 lb-ft) (1).

  4. Install the power steering line fittings at the cylinder end.
  5. Tighten
    Tighten the power steering line fittings to 25-35 N•m (18-25 lb-ft) (2).

  6. Install the rack and pinion steering assembly to the vehicle. Refer to "Rack and Pinion Assembly" in this section.


D105C702
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RACK AND PINION STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY

(Left-Hand Drive Shown, Right-Hand Drive Similar)

Disassembly Procedure

  1. 1. Remove the rack and pinion steering assembly from the vehicle. Refer to "Rack and Pinion Assembly" in this section.
  2. Remove the rack bearing.


  3. D105C703
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  4. Remove the steering pinion.


  5. D105C704
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    Notice : If the stub shaft is not held, damage to the pinion teeth will occur. While holding the stub shaft, remove the locknut from the pinion.



    D105C705
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    D105C706
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    Important : Hit the drift using a hammer when the lower pinion is vertical with the drift.



    D105C707
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    Important : The power steering gear housing and the rack gear in this vehicle is not serviceable as unit. The faulty parts must be replaced as whole units.



D105C708
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Inspection Procedure

  1. Inspect the tie rod ends and the ball joints for damage. Refer to Section 6D, Manual Steering Gear.
  2. Inspect the tie rod ends and the rack/pinion boot for cracks or abnormal wear. Refer to Section 6D, Manual Steering Gear.
  3. Inspect the metal part for damage.


  4. D105C709
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    D105C710
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  5. Inspect the bearings and the seal for damage.
  6. The faulty parts must be replaced.


D105C711
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Assembly Procedrue

  1. Install the steering pinion gear.


  2. D105C712
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  3. Install the steering pinion locknut (4).
  4. Tighten
    Tighten the pinion locknut to 40-50 N•m (30-36 lb-ft).



    D15C713A
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  5. Install the dust cap (5).
  6. Tighten
    Tighten the dust cap to 45-55 N•m (33-41 lb-ft).

  7. Install the retaining ring (6).
  8. Install the plastic dust cap (7).


  9. D105C714
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  10. Install the rack bearing.
  11. Install the rack and pinion steering assembly to the vehicle. Refer to "Rack and Pinion Assembly" in this section.

SPECIFICATIONS

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

Application
Description
Power Steering Fluid
Power Steering Fluid DEXRON®-II
Capacity
1.0 L (1.056 qt)
Type
Rack and Pinion
Overall Gear Ratio
15.7 : 1
Power Steering Angle
144,155 Tire
Inside
39.5 ° ± 2 °
Outside
33.5 ° ± 2 °
175 Tire
Inside
34.9 ° ± 2 °
Outide
30.5 ° ± 2°
Grease
Rack
POLYUREAS
Ball Joint
SYNTHETICS OILS & LI SOAPS

FASTENER TIGHTENING SPECIFICATIONS

Application
N•m
Lb-Ft
Lb-In
Power Steering Gear Bracket Bolt
50-55
36-41
-
Power Steering Gear Pinion Nut
40-50
30-36
-
Power Steering Gear Pinion Dust Cover
45-55
33-41
-
Power Steering Gear Pressure Line Fitting
25-35
18-25
-
Power Steering Oil Pressure Pipe Fitting (Gear Side)
21-35
16-25
-
Power Steering Gear Ajuster Plug
Refer to "DIAGNOSIS" in this section.


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